![1200种多肉植物图鉴](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/556/41733556/b_41733556.jpg)
沙鱼掌属
Gasteria
493.卧牛(Gasteria armstrongii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_5_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-t3IQBKFHgrgX54qr8worofMUMXLEt0N5-0-cce351d5a2d529a2f198c98b81bc5b97)
冬季盆土保持有潮气。
株高3~5厘米,株幅5~6厘米。叶舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面墨绿色,粗糙,被白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,下垂,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
494.卧牛石化 (Gasteria armstrongii ‘Monstrosus’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_8_m.jpg?sign=1739213465-x8c1FeIhOLVIkEZCcHPliltfZtsmmpoQ-0-e254fccedc50cc571584b9e0b39e6033)
春、秋生长期每周浇水1次。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅15厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈不规则叠生,叶面深绿色,新叶被白色小疣,成熟叶较光滑。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
495.美玲子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Albivariegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_4_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-xfFvlaTtaApiNhJN49qEjkjeW4fLDIKV-0-aed70e4605048b4cab6db7eb120980e4)
换盆时剪除萎缩的枯叶。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶面布满白色斑点,有白色纵向条纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
496.奶油子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_0_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-bcafSiXbvWnYf1Cjc6Bpz0RuCVh1B0ff-0-29a40c2a8113ce83212f5b890c29512f)
盛夏少浇水,多喷雾。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶片舌状,两侧互生,叶表面有深黄色斑纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
497.子宝锦 (Gasteria gracilis var. minima ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_2_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-92FeX0jkDbJTf2jORv1kC2vSwjkMnFQO-0-d19a9dd97419c68586ab9296da8d8732)
需要明亮的散射光。
株高 3~4 厘米,株幅 12~15厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条斑,厚 5~6 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
498.锦纱子宝 (Gsteria gracilis‘Jinsha Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_7_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-JomPmgy27KWy1eo3o66fO2zueDVY0qUE-0-a138c9a2f41243abf7f6485747d68b79)
喜通风良好的地方。
植株无茎而且矮小,叶质短而肥厚呈绿色,叶面布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
499.象牙子宝(Gasteria gracilis var.minima‘Variegata ’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_1_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-gapJFPRFNpcBsQbWjZvw1nZ4Lu4ShrbI-0-136eb605f145b420c8e02fe906bfbb14)
夏季不能暴晒。
植株无茎,群生,叶质短而肥厚,呈二列生长,叶面直立或平行生长。叶面呈绿色,并布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
500.虎子卷锦 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_3_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-PnAUWagxNkHevy1OP4UZnvSFYhOP5kZS-0-315d4069302d10429bfcc7bab987c62e)
盛夏少浇水。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 20~30 厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色小疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条纹,厚 6~7 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
501.墨鉾 (Gasteria maculata)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_6_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-4wxLpVOXoOmIwQlNwOds1Ad5ftjyTsPu-0-cca8ab6627e4d655a46f5468c1a4caba)
换盆时将老化植株去掉。
叶舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化,表皮墨绿色,着生不规则的白色斑纹,背部隆起,布满白色斑纹。小花,下垂,粉红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
502.恐龙卧牛 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_3_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-tzmNFE5uDNhAKRtahFQ48SLqHJOuMDjf-0-063e80a5b58c8264d81c0c26fed3893a)
休眠期多喷雾。
株高 3~5 厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
503.比兰西卧牛锦 (Gasteria pillansii ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_7_m.jpg?sign=1739213465-tMDXPr3p57wIAdQ1hezAOYmqNdL5khuY-0-809a4142a768ae3c13b13d0b7a29005d)
夏季光线过强,叶片尖端部易变红。
叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生着白色小疣点,镶嵌有纵向黄色条纹,甚至整叶黄色。花小,筒状,上绿色下橙色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
504.碧琉璃卧牛 (Gasteria armstrongii‘Nudum’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_2_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-5czCxFlIxjqlyee2PiTBytsiCyXPGvIh-0-7e53ebd86609e66519273cb833e7bb26)
勿使盆土过湿。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈深绿色,无斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
505.春莺啭锦 (Gasteria batesiana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_4_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-AIhNb7d1bVTGkj3tkztxdEHyj0VXzfaO-0-06ca023b57157d0eed34101cd07e5db3)
喜阳光充足环境。
叶状如舌形,全缘肉质,株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座型,叶面呈墨绿色,有黄绿色条纹与白色斑点。习性强健,繁殖通常用分株和播种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
506.玛瑙殿 (Gasteria neliana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_9_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-yz4p2DbGfRstoKmYSLqay7q8GeQvKkRe-0-29a78480c6779e41842bd8e1f56a0a8e)
耐干旱和半阴。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,全缘肉质,叶状如舌形。株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座形,叶面呈墨绿色,布满不规则白色斑点与条纹。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
507.巨象 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_0_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-G6SCXGVEZgbhh27KrmYrf7ilDvAiz0V2-0-18251cbc779019687117e3ea76dd2edd)
刚买回的植株,摆放在阳光充足的地方。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈绿色,布满墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
508.短叶巨象 (Gasteria brevifolia)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_5_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-prI0DqLw696qrsUl5NUhEO3LjqzqwhwP-0-1572a5eb60b7516ce890e52e6683b3da)
生长期盆土保持稍干燥为好。
植株无茎,群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧平行生长。叶面呈墨绿色,叶面布满白色或墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
509.爱勒巨象 (Gasteria pillanii var. ernesti-ruschii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_10_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-luckYo6mBpPJ1WswaMwzGXpuocc7KrB3-0-7b09216b29cb605ebd84993529b4a651)
休眠期,少浇水,多喷雾。
叶片舌状,叶面粗糙不平,宽阔肥厚,呈两列叠生,叶面呈深绿色,散生白色小疣,叶端急尖,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
510.暗
牛 (Gasteria carinata var. falcata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_1_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-CbgZMrK5Qs9SqvPpGkfWN43A6b7ax12y-0-d6003745db9bdb3b107ee57895912cd8)
喜温暖、干燥的环境。
植株无茎群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,二叶对生,后为莲座状。叶面有细凹沟,叶体棱角化。叶面呈墨绿色,并密生白色斑点。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
511.钝叶青龙刀 (Gasteria liliputana)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_6_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-EnhJXJGeg9IrL5HPg05FLWuNjFYKEEiv-0-0717b97dfcb6e60f187763db50b9a15e)
喜疏松、排水透气性良的土壤。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面呈斜直生长。叶面呈深绿色,并布满白色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)
512.沙鱼掌 (Gasteria verrucosa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_8_s.jpg?sign=1739213465-OIa17VE6414iOTRW7z9TqL0PVX8MheOD-0-b345ddb8bcd202081e1f2d2512535442)
浇水遵循见干见湿原则。
株高20~30厘米,株幅10厘米,无茎。单叶互生,带状,长10~20厘米,先端渐尖,两面具拉拉扯扯色乳状突起;叶面粗糙,肉质。小花筒状,下垂,基部橙红色,先端绿色。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739213465-LxkpZHVQQzE9sMQ2PLkSLuPNKUVAvpD7-0-6dc7cf160b31b79406521b2577882cce)